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Publications
The Baltic Nest Institute is prioritizing making the Nest model as transparent as possible. For this reason, we strive to make underlying model assumption publicly available in the format of international peer-reviewed scientific publications. Please find below a link to full references to the scientific publications from Baltic Nest Institute. Contact the corresponding author for a reprint of any article listed below.
2012-04-23
External nutrient loads to the Baltic Sea 1970-2006 Oleg P. Savchuk, Bo G. Gustafsson, Miguel Rodríguez Medina, Alexander V. Sokolov & Fredrik V. Wulff Any research related to nutrient biogeochemistry of the Baltic Sea, especially studies of eutrophication requires knowledge of the long-term dynamics of external nutrient inputs. Information... 
2012-04-18 Predator transitory spillover induces trophic cascades in ecological sinks Michele Casini, Thorsten Blenckner, Christian Möllmann, Anna Gårdmark, Martin Lindegren, Marcos Llope, Georgs Kornilovs, Maris Plikshs, and Nils Christian Stenseth Understanding the effects of cross-system fluxes is fundamental in ecosystem ecology and biological conservation. Source-sink dynamics and spillover processes may link adjacent ecosystems by movement...
2012-04-18 The LOICZ Biogeochemical Modeling Protocol and its Application to Estuarine Ecosystems Swaney DP, Smith SV and Wulff F. From its beginnings, the LOICZ biogeochemical budget program has been charged with investigating changes in the biology, chemistry, and physics of the coastal zone. The LOICZ budget approach grew out...
2012-04-17 Syresättning kan förvärra övergödningen Caroline P. Slomp and Daniel C. Reed Vid konstgjord syresättning kommer syrehalterna i bottenvattnet att förändras snabbt. Frågan är vad som händer med näringsämnena, och hur syresättningen kan tänkas fungera på längre sikt. Det finns en...
2012-03-20 Confronting Feedbacks of Degraded Marine Ecosystems Magnus Nyström, Albert V. Norström, Thorsten Blenckner, Maricela de la Torre-Castro, Johan S. Eklöf, Carl Folke, Henrik Österblom, Robert S. Steneck, Matilda Thyresson and Max Troell Degraded ecosystems and reduced ecosystem services In many coastal areas, marine ecosystems have shifted into contrasting states having reduced ecosystem services (hereafter called degraded). Such...
2012-02-24 Swedish Farmers Talking about Nature – A Study of the Interrelations between Farmers’ Values and the Sociocultural Notion of Naturintresse Wiebren J. Boonstra, Johan Ahnström and Lars Hallgren Agro-environmental schemes (AES) aim to counteract declining biodiversity on farmland and to improve ecosystem services, such as pollination and pest regulation. Studies show, however, that an...
2012-02-24 Ecosystem flow dynamics in the Baltic Proper - using a multi-trophic dataset as a basis for food–web modelling Maciej T. Tomczak, Susa Niiranen, Olle Hjerne and Thorsten Blenckner The Baltic Proper is a semi-enclosed, highly productive basin of the Baltic Sea with a low biodiversity, where only a few key species drive the system´s dynamics. Recently, an ecosystem regime shift...
2012-01-30 Load scenarios for Ecosupport Bo G. Gustafsson, Oleg P. Savchuk and H.E. Markus Meier In the project ECOSUPPORT, three coupled physical-biogeochemical models (ERGOM, RCO-SCOBI and BALTSEM) are used to produce an ensemble of combined climate change - nutrient load scenarios. The...
2012-01-18 Evaluating regional variation of net anthropogenic nitrogen and phosphorus inputs (NANI/NAPI), major drivers, nutrient retention pattern and management implications in the multinational areas of Baltic... Bongghi Hong, Dennis P. Swaney, Carl-Magnus Mörth, Erik Smedberg, Hanna Eriksson Hägg, Christoph Humborg, Robert W. Howarth, Faycal Bouraoui Nani/NApi calculator toolbox The NANI/NAPI (net anthropogenic nitrogen/phosphorus input) Calculator Toolbox described in this paper is designed to address the consequences to Baltic Sea nutrient loads...
2012-01-18 Global seabird response to forage fish depletion — one-third for the birds Philippe M. Cury, Ian L. Boyd, Sylvain Bonhommeau, Tycho Anker-Nilssen, Robert J.M. Crawford, Robert W. Furness, James A. Mills, Eugene J. Murphy, Henrik Österblom, Michelle Paleczny, John F. Piatt,... Determining the form of key predator-prey relationships is critical for understanding marine ecosystem dynamics. Using a comprehensive global database, we quantified the effect of fluctuations in food...
2012-01-09 Briefing brochure AMBER project Climate change, nitrogen cycle, and biodiversity loss together with the change in land use are the research foci of the AMBER project. The results by the AMBER scientists show, for example, that the...
2012-01-09 Briefing brochure HYPER project The drastic expansion of hypoxia (oxygen depletion) from less than 10,000 km² before 1950 to over 60,000 km² in recent years is one of the most profound effects of eutrophication in the Baltic Sea....
2012-01-09 Briefing brochure RECOCA project The Baltic Sea is under severe stress, experiencing eutrophication caused by excessive nutrient loads which lead to excessive phytoplankton production, reduced water transparency and ultimately...
2012-01-09 Briefing brochure ECOSUPPORT project ECOSUPPORT model projections of the Baltic Sea show that changes will occur in the marine environment in a future climate, changing oxygen saturation concentrations and turnover rates of biogeochemical...
2012-01-09 Briefing brochure BALTIC-C project Carbon forms the basis of life on Earth. The carbon cycle — the movement of carbon between the atmosphere, land and oceans — is crucial for the health and stability of Earth´s ecosystems. Carbon is...
2011-12-20 The ghosts of fisheries management Wiebren J. Boonstra and Pham Thi Hong Nhung The scientific analysis and management of fisheries has been dominated by three institutional orthodoxies: state regulation, market exchange and community-based management. This paper...
2011-12-08 Nitrogen fluxes from the landscape are controlled by net anthropogenic nitrogen inputs and by climate Robert Howarth, Dennis Swaney, Gilles Billen, Josette Garnier, Bongghi Hong, Christoph Humborg, Penny Johnes, Carl-Magnus Mörth, and Roxanne Marino. In a nutshell: • Nitrogen (N) pollution is one of the primary threats to the ecological integrity of estuaries and other coastal marine ecosystems • Although synthetic fertilizer is the main source of N...
2011-12-06 Managing organizational change in an international scientific network: A study of ICES reform processes Stange, K., Olsson, P. and Österblom. H. Organizations involved in the governance of natural resources are challenged to adjust to the call for more holistic management approaches. This often necessitates organizational change. Here change...
2011-11-30 Riverine nitrogen export in Swedish catchments dominated by atmospheric inputs H. Eriksson Hägg, C. Humborg, D. P. Swaney, C.-M. Mörth. We present the first estimates of net anthropogenic nitrogen input (NANI) in European boreal catchments. In Swedish catchments, nitrogen (N) deposition is a major N input (31—94%). Hence, we used...
2011-10-22 The times are a-changin´ Martin Lindegren, Christian Möllmann, Anna Gårdmark and Thorsten Blenckner. Taking their cue from the lyrics of Bob Dylan, Martin Lindegren, Christian Möllmann, Anna Gårdmark, and Thorsten Blenckner write about the Working Group on Integrated Assessments of the Baltic Sea...
2011-10-04 Baltic Sea food-web dynamics and response to environmental change Susa Niiranen The Baltic Sea ecosystem is subject to a combination of external pressures such as fishery, changing climate and land-based nutrient inputs. In combination with internal food web mechanisms these...
2011-10-04 History and scenarios of future development of Baltic Sea eutrophication Maren Voss, Joachim W. Dippner, Christoph Humborg, Jens Hürdler, Frederike Korth, T. Neumann, Gerald Schernewski and Markus Venohr Nutrient loads from watersheds, atmospheric deposition, and cyanobacterial nitrogen fixation have led to eutrophication in the Baltic Sea. Here we give the historical evolution of this, detail some of...
2011-09-15 Overview of eutrophication indicators to assess environmental status within the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive Ferreira, J.G.; Andersen, J.H.; Borja, A.; Bricker, S.B.; Camp, J.; Cardoso, M.; da Silva, M.; Garcés, E.; Heiskanen, A.-S.; Humborg, C.; Ignatiades, L.; Lancelot, C.; Menesguen, A.; Tett, P.;... In 2009, following approval of the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD, 2008/56/EC), the European Commission (EC) created task groups to develop guidance for eleven quality descriptors...
2011-09-15 A welcome can of worms? Hypoxia mitigation by an invasive species J. Norkko, D.C. Reed, K. Timmerman, A. Norkko, B.G. Gustafsson, E. Bonsdorff, C.P. Slomp, J. Carstensen, D.J. Conley Invasive species and bottom-water hypoxia both constitute major global threats to the diversity and integrity of marine ecosystems. These stressors may interact with unexpected consequences, as...
2011-08-31 Evaluation of biogeochemical cycles in an ensemble of three state-of-the-art numerical models of the Baltic Sea K. Eilola, B.G. Gustafsson, I. Kuznetsov, H.E.M. Meier, T. Neumann, O.P. Savchuk Three state-of-the-art coupled physical—biogeochemical models, the BAltic sea Long-Term large-Scale Eutrophication Model (BALTSEM), the Ecological Regional Ocean Model (ERGOM), and the Swedish Coastal...
2011-08-31 Five critical questions of scale for the coastal zone D.P. Swaney, C. Humborg, K. Emeis, A. Kannen, W. Silvert, P. Tett, R. Pastres, C. Solidoro, M. Yamamuro, Y. Hénocque and R. Nicholls Social and ecological systems around the world are becoming increasingly globalized. From the standpoint of understanding coastal ecosystem behavior, system boundaries are not sufficient to define...
2011-08-31 Hypoxia Is Increasing in the Coastal Zone of the Baltic Sea Daniel J. Conley, Jacob Carstensen, Juris Aigars, Philip Axe, Erik Bonsdorff, Tatjana Eremina, Britt-Marie Haahti, Christoph Humborg, Per Jonsson, Jonne Kotta, Christer Lannegren, Ulf Larsson, Alexey... Hypoxia is a well-described phenomenon in the offshore waters of the Baltic Sea with both the spatial extent and intensity of hypoxia known to have increased due to anthropogenic eutrophication,...
2011-08-31 Beyond the Fe-P-redox connection: preferential regeneration of phosphorus from organic matter as a key control on Baltic Sea nutrient cycles T. Jilbert, C. P. Slomp, B. G. Gustafsson, and W. Boer Patterns of regeneration and burial of phosphorus (P) in the Baltic Sea are strongly dependent on redox conditions. Redox varies spatially along water depth gradients and temporally in response to...
2011-08-31 Spatial and temporal variations in ammonia emissions – a freely accessible model code for Europe Skjøth, C. A., C. Geels, H. Berge, S. Gyldenkærne, H. Fagerli, T. Ellermann, L. M. Frohn, J. Christensen, K. M. Hansen, K. Hansen, O. Hertel Deriving a parameterisation of ammonia emissions for use in chemistry-transport models (CTMs) is a complex problem as the emission varies locally as a result of local climate and local agricultural...
2011-06-29 Beyond the Fe-P-redox connection: preferential regeneration of phosphorus from organic matter as a key control on Baltic Sea nutrient cycles T. Jilbert, C. P. Slomp, B. G. Gustafsson and W. Boer Patterns of regeneration and burial of phosphorus (P) in the Baltic Sea are strongly dependent on redox conditions. Redox varies spatially along water depth gradients and temporally in response to...
2011-06-27 Report of the ICES/HELCOM Working Group on Integrated Assessments of the Baltic Sea (WGIAB) Anna Gårdmark, Thorsen Blenckner, Martin Lindegren chair the WGIAB and are main authors of the report, together with all 25 participants of the workshop. From BNI, also Bärbel Müller-Karulis, The ICES/HELCOM Working Group on Integrated Assessments of the Baltic Sea (WGIAB) was set up as a forum for developing and combining ecosystem‐based management efforts for the Baltic Sea, and is...
2011-06-16 Beauty is in the eye of the beholder: management of Baltic cod stock requires an ecosystem approach Christian Möllmann, Thorsten Blenckner, Michele Casini, Anna Gårdmark, Martin Lindegren In a recent ‘As We See It’ article, Cardinale & Svedäng (2011; Mar Ecol Prog Ser 425:297–301) used the example of the Eastern Baltic (EB) cod stock to argue that the concept of ecosystem regime...
2011-06-15 NANI/NAPI Calculator Toolbox Version 2.0 Documentation: Net Anthropogenic Nutrient Inputs in Baltic Sea Catchments Bongghi Hong, Dennis P. Swaney, Carl-Magnus Mörth, Erik Smedberg, Hanna Eriksson Hägg and Christoph Humborg The main objective of this work was to develop regional settings of the NANI budgeting tool that will address the significant variation in agricultural practices and resulting nutrient accountings...
2011-06-15 Modeling the long-term dynamics of nutrients and phytoplankton in the Gulf of Riga Müller-Karulis, B. and Aigars, J. The long term dynamics of nitrogen, phosphorus, and phytoplankton in the Gulf of Riga were simulated with a biogeochemical box model that resolved seasonal cycles. The model was calibrated using a...
2011-06-09 Sedimentary phosphorus dynamics and the evolution of bottom-water hypoxia: A coupled benthic–pelagic model of a coastal system Daniel C. Reed, Caroline P. Slomp and Bo G. Gustafsson The present study examines oxygen and phosphorus dynamics at a seasonally hypoxic site in the Arkona basin of the Baltic Sea. A coupled benthic—pelagic reactive-transport model is used to describe the...
2011-06-01 FishSTERN - A first attempt at an ecological-economic evaluation of fishery management scenarios in the Baltic Sea region Blenckner, T., Döring, R., Ebeling; M., Hoff, A., Tomczak, M., Andersen, J., Kuzebski,E., Kjellstrand, J., Lees, J., Motova A., Vetemaa, M. and Virtanen, J. An ecosystem approach to management requires a holistic view by integrating different system components, and is now beginning to be more strongly included into marine policy decisions. The EU Marine...
2011-03-10 Incentives, social—ecological feedbacks and European fisheries The European Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) has failed to deliver on social, economic and ecological goals. This failure is in part the result of a number of social—ecological feedback mechanisms. The...
2011-01-27 Annual Report for RECOCA 2010 The Annual Report for RECOCA - Reduction of Baltic Sea Nutrient Inputs and Cost Allocation within the Baltic Sea Catchment - describes the research carried out by the RECOCA project in 2010.
2011-01-27 Validation data set compiled from Baltic Environmental Database (Version 2, January 2011) The evolution of coupled physical-biogeochemical models of the Baltic Sea has reach the point where the models are capable of rather accurate reproduction of the conditions in the Baltic Sea. With...
2011-01-13 Validation of three-dimensional hydrodynamic models of the Gulf of Finland A model-intercomparison study was conducted, the first of its kind for the Baltic Sea, whose aim was to systematically simulate the basic three-dimensional hydrographic properties of a realistic,...
2011-01-12 Illegalt fiske kring Antarktis Det är sommar i Södra ishavet. Vågorna går höga och fartyget halar in en långrev satt på drygt tusen meters djup. Fångsten, olagligt fiskad tandnoting — Antarktis torsk, halas ombord och krokas av...
2010-11-26 Revision of the country allocation of nutrient reductions in the Baltic Sea Action Plan Section A: Hydrological adjusted riverine loads and atmospheric loads from different HELCOM has asked BNI to revise the country-wise nutrient allocations of the Baltic Sea Action Plan using the new data available on atmospheric loads (EMEP) and more recent calculations on loads from...
2010-09-29 Phosphorus recycling and burial in Baltic Sea sediments with contrasting redox conditions In this study, redox-dependent phosphorus (P) recycling and burial at 6 sites in the Baltic Sea is investigated using a combination of porewater and sediment analyses and sediment age dating (210Pb and...
2010-09-29 CO2 supersaturation along the aquatic conduit in Swedish watersheds as constrained by terrestrial respiration, aquatic respiration and weathering We tested the hypothesis that CO2 supersaturation along the aquatic conduit over Sweden can be explained by processes other than aquatic respiration. A first generalized-additive model (GAM) analysis...
2010-09-29 The relationship between subsurface hydrology and dissolved carbon fluxes for a sub-arctic catchment In recent years, there has been increased interest in carbon cycling in natural systems due to its role in a changing climate. Northern latitude systems are especially important as they may serve as a...
2010-09-29 The use of high-resolution bathymetry for circulation modelling in the Gulf of Finland We present preliminary results of the extension of the OAAS circulation model to a high-resolution bathymetry with a finest resolution of 0.25 nautical miles in the Gulf of Finland, the Baltic Sea. The...
2010-09-17 Distributional Assumptions in Chance-Constrained Programming Models of Stochastic Water Pollution In the water management literature both the normal and log-normal distribution are commonly used to model stochastic water pollution. The normality assumption is usually motivated by the central limit...
2010-09-15 "The Baltic Sea" in "Carbon and Nutrient Fluxes in Continental Margins - a global synthesis" The book provides best estimates of carbon and nutrient fluxes in seven types of continental margins. In each type, these fluxes are reported in detail individually for 3-7 representative geographic...
2010-09-15 Making the ecosystem approach operational — Can regime shifts in ecological-and governance systems facilitate the transition Effectively reducing cumulative impacts on marine ecosystems requires co-evolution between science, policy and practice. Here, long-term social–ecological changes in the Baltic Sea are described,...
2010-05-27 Annual Report for RECOCA 2009 Overall scientific achievements: RECOCA has finished a very successful first year. An extensive data base holding all necessary statistical data for the coupled hydrological‐biogeochemical models and...
2010-05-20 Testing relationships between macroalgal cover and Secchi depth in the Baltic Sea The present study tests whether relationships between macroalgal cover and water quality, recently developed for Danish coastal waters, are more universal and also applies at the other extreme of the...
2010-05-20 Phytoplankton biomass response to nitrogen inputs: a method for WFD boundary setting applied to Danish coastal waters Reference conditions and boundary values between Water Framework Directive status classes were estimated for phytoplankton biomass from empirical relationships relating: (1) nitrogen inputs from land...
2010-05-20 Ecosystem thresholds with hypoxia Hypoxia is one of the common effects of eutrophication in coastal marine ecosystems and is becoming an increasingly prevalent problem worldwide. The causes of hypoxia are associated with excess...
2010-05-19 Tackling Hypoxia in the Baltic Sea: Is Engineering a Solution? Hypoxia, the lack of dissolved O2 in bottom waters, reduces the habitat for living resources. Hypoxic regions in the Baltic Sea enhance P release from sediments and increase N loss. This chemical...
2010-05-19 Hypoxia-Related Processes in the Baltic Sea Hypoxia, a growing worldwide problem, has been intermittently present in the modern Baltic Sea since its formation ca. 8000 cal. yr BP. However, both the spatial extent and intensity of hypoxia have...
2010-05-19 Return to Neverland: Shifting Baselines Affect Eutrophication Restoration Targets The implicit assumption of many scientific and regulatory frameworks that ecosystems impacted by human pressures may be reverted to their original condition by suppressing the pressure was tested using...
2010-05-19 Ecological thresholds and regime shifts: approaches to identification There is an apparent gap between the prominence of present theoretical frameworks involving ecological thresholds and regime shifts, and the paucity of efforts to conduct simple tests and quantitative...
2010-03-26 Scenario Analysis on Protein Consumption and Climate Change Effects on Riverine N Export to the Baltic Sea This paper evaluates possible future nitrogen loadings from 105 catchments surrounding the Baltic Sea. Multiple regressions are used to model total nitrogen (TN) flux as a function of specific runoff...
2010-02-04 Quality assessment of state-of-the-art coupled physical- biogeochemical models in hind cast simulations 1970-2005 The objectives of the project ECOSUPPORT (Advanced modeling tool for scenarios of the Baltic Sea ECOsystem to SUPPORT decision making) are to calculate the combined effects of changing climate and...
2010-01-07 Computations of energy for diapycnal mixing in the Baltic Sea due to internal wave drag acting on wind-driven barotropic currents The pathways of energy supply for mixing the deep waters of the Baltic Sea is largely unknown. In this paper, a parameterization of the internal wave drag forces on barotropic motion is developed and...
2009-12-05 Paleolimnological evidence of the effects on lakes of energy and mass transfer from climate and humans The premise of this article is that climate effects on lakes can be quantified most effectively by the integration of process-oriented limnological studies with paleolimnological research, particularly...
2009-09-26 Modelling diffuse nitrogen loadings of ungauged and unmonitored lakes in Denmark: application of an integrated modelling framework According to the EU Water Framework Directive all freshwater bodies must obtain good ecological status by 2015. In Denmark this means that all lakes with a surface area above 5 ha (∼600 lakes) must be...
2009-09-14 Landscape elements and river chemistry as affected by river regulation – a 3-D perspective We tested the hypothesis whether individual land classes within a river catchment contribute equally to river loading with dissolved constituents or whether some land classes act as "hot spots" to...
2009-06-08 Revision of the country allocation of nutrient reductions in the Baltic Sea Action Plan - Section A: Hydrological adjusted riverine loads and atmospheric loads from different countries averaged for... HELCOM has asked BNI to revise the country-wise nutrient allocations of the Baltic Sea Action Plan using the new data available on atmospheric loads (EMEP) and more recent calculations on loads from...
2009-06-05 Bycatch in gillnet fisheries - an overlooked threat to waterbird populations Bird mortality in fishing gear is a global conservation issue and it is recognized that bycatch in industrial longline and trawl fisheries threatens several seabird species. Little is known however...
2009-06-03 A dynamic sea ice model based on the formation direction of leads A dynamic ice model is presented using a novel approach where the memory of weak directions in the ice cover is stored. The model computes ice motion, ice deformation and the associated dynamic ice...
2009-05-20 Analysis of trophic networks and carbon flows in south-eastern Baltic coastal ecosystems Carbon flows in five south-eastern Baltic coastal ecosystems (Puck Bay, Curonian Lagoon, Lithuanian coast, Gulf of Riga coast and Pärnu Bay) were compared on the basis of ECOPATH models using 12 common...
2009-05-20 How well do ecosystem indicators communicate the effects of anthropogenic eutrophication? Anthropogenic eutrophication affects the Mediterranean, Black, North and Baltic Seas to various extents. Responses to nutrient loading and methods of monitoring relevant indicators vary regionally,...
2009-05-14 Tackling Hypoxia in the Baltic Sea: Is Engineering a Solution? Hypoxia, the lack of dissolved O2 in bottom waters, reduces the habitat for living resources. Hypoxic regions in the Baltic Sea enhance P release from sediments and increase N loss. This chemical...
2009-05-11 Response of eutrophication in the eastern Gulf of Finland to nutrient load reduction scenarios The trophic status of the eastern Gulf of Finland, where the largest Baltic metropolis St.Petersburg sits at the mouth of the largest Baltic river Neva, is elevated but existing recommendations on...
2009-05-11 Long-term modeling of large-scale nutrient cycles in the entire Baltic Sea Management of eutrophication in marine ecosystems requires a good understanding of nutrient cycles at the appropriate spatial and temporal scales. Here, it is shown that the biogeochemical processes...
2009-05-11 The Baltic Sea a century ago — a reconstruction from model simulations, verified by observations “Pre-industrial" trophic conditions in the Baltic Sea were simulated with SANBALTS (Simple As Necessary BAltic Long-Term large Scale) model. External nutrient inputs to the major basins of the Baltic...
2009-05-11 Satellite measurements of cyanobacterial bloom frequency in the Baltic Sea: interannual and spatial variability M. Kahru, O. P. Savchuk and R. Elmgren. Owing to the potentially harmful character of nitrogen-fixing filamentous cyanobacterial blooms in the Baltic Sea, a capacity to predict their occurrence is of interest. We quantified the surface...
2009-04-20 Tracing terrestrial organic matter by dS and dC signatures in a subarctic estuary A key issue to understanding the transformations of terrestrial organic carbon in the ocean is to disentangle the latter from marine-produced organic matter. We applied a multiple stable isotope...
2009-04-20 Silicon and the Baltic Sea: Long-term Si decrease in the Baltic Sea - A conceivable ecological risk?
2009-04-20 Nutrient budgets for European seas: A measure of the effectiveness of nutrient reduction policies Socio-economic development in Europe has exerted increasing pressure on the marine environment. Eutrophication, caused by nutrient enrichment, is evident in regions of all European seas. Its severity...
2009-04-20 Modelling nutrient fluxes from sub-arctic basins: Comparison of pristine vs. dammed rivers The deterministic Riverstrahler model of river functioning is applied for the first time to sub-arctic catchments. Seasonal nutrient (N, P, Si) deliveries to the coastal zone are simulated, and...
2008-12-15 Det moderna fiskets stråtrövare I denna femte utgåva i Svenska FAO-kommitténs skriftserie belyses de svårigheter som fiskeripolitiken i Europa, liksom i många andra regioner, har att nå de uppsatta målen för ekonomisk, social och...
2008-10-20 Changes in dissolved silicate loads to the Baltic Sea - The effects of lakes and reservoirs We tested the hypothesis that dissolved silicate (DSi) yields [kg km−2 yr−1] of 82 major watersheds of the Baltic Sea can be expressed as a function of the hydraulic load (HL) as a measure of water...
2008-04-29 Riverine transport of biogenic elements to the Baltic Sea — past and possible future perspectives Humborg, C., C.-M. Mörth, M. Sundbom, and F. Wulff. The paper reviews critical processes for the landsea fluxes of biogenic elements (C, N, P, Si) in the Baltic Sea catchment and discusses possible future scenarios as a consequence of improved sewage...
2008-04-29 Human-induced trophic cascades and ecological regime shifts in the Baltic Sea The ecosystems of coastal and enclosed seas are under increasing anthropogenic pressure worldwide, with Chesapeake Bay, the Gulf of Mexico and the Black and Baltic Seas as well known examples. We use...
2008-04-29 Searching efficient protection strategies for the eutrophied Gulf of Finland: The combined use of 1 D and 3 D modelling in assessing longterm state scenarios with high spatial resolution An experiment combining the use of two ecosystem models was conducted to search for effective protection strategies for the Gulf of Finland (Baltic Sea). Reference and scenario simulations were first...
2008-04-29 The MARE Research Program 1999-2006 - Reflections on program management The research program Marine Research on Eutrophication — a Scientific Base for Cost-Effective Measures for the Baltic Sea, MARE started late 1999 and ended in December 2006. Our main objective during...
2008-04-29 Internal ecosystem feedbacks enhance nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria blooms and complicate management in the Baltic Sea Eutrophication of the Baltic Sea has potentially increased the frequency and magnitude of cyanobacteria blooms. Eutrophication leads to increased sedimentation of organic material, increasing the...
2007-11-22 Modeling Riverine Nutrient Transport to the Baltic Sea: A Large-scale Approach We developed for the first time a catchment model simulating simultaneously the nutrient land-sea fluxes from all 105 major watersheds within the Baltic Sea drainage area. A consistent modeling...
2007-11-22 Modeling the Baltic Sea Eutrophication in a Decision Support System SANBALTS (Simple As Necessary Baltic Long-Term Large-Scale) is a model of the coupled nitrogen and phosphorus cycles. This model has been developed as an integral part of the decision support system...
2007-11-22 Management Options and Effects on a Marine Ecosystem: Assessing the Future of the Baltic We are using the coupled models in a decision support system, Nest, to evaluate the response of the marine ecosystem to changes in external loads through various management options. The models address...
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